Breathing is a requirement for most living creatures on Earth, except one: a parasitic, water-dwelling blob called the Henneguya salminicola. In 2020, a group of scientists from Israel, France, and the U.S. announced they had discovered that the parasite — which is microscopic and typically infects salmon — doesn’t appear to breathe. In fact, it could be the only known nonbreathing animal on the planet. H. salminicola belongs to the same family as jellyfish, which do breathe by absorbing the oxygen in water directly through their skin; however, H. salminicola lacks mitochondrial DNA, a part of the DNA sequence that turns oxygen into fuel to power the body’s cells. Earth is home to many simple, single-celled organisms (like yeast and bacteria) that don’t need to breathe, but H. salminicola stands out because it’s the first known multicellular animal that’s not dependent on oxygen — and researchers aren’t sure why. One theory is that the parasite could get the power it needs to survive by stealing protein from its fish hosts. |
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