| You may think two countries as far apart and culturally different as Japan and Brazil would have little in common. And yet these nations have enjoyed a surprisingly close relationship since June 18, 1908, when around 800 settlers from southern Japan first arrived in Brazil from their home country nearly 10,000 miles away. Now celebrated in Brazil each year as Japanese Immigration Day, the occasion marked the arrival of what eventually grew into the largest population of Japanese people outside of Japan: nearly 2 million. That's more than the Nikkei population in the United States (1.6 million) and far more than in other countries near Japan, such as China (97,538) and Thailand (72,308). So what brought so many Japanese citizens to Brazil in the first place? As is the case with many migrants, it was the promise of a better life. The two countries established an immigration treaty in 1907 due to Brazil requiring an influx of workers on its coffee plantations, leading many farmers to start anew in the state of São Paulo — whose capital city of the same name is the Brazilian city with the largest Japanese population — where they employed their own agricultural techniques. The Japanese immigrants faced harsh living and working conditions, and most were therefore unable to attain their initial dream of returning to Japan after saving enough money. This led to many instead settling in the country permanently. There were more than 130,000 Japanese immigrants living in Brazil by 1932, a number that has only continued to grow in the decades since. | 
